SMARCB1 (INI-1) – Deficient sinonasal carcinoma: Report of two cases

SMARCB1 (INI-1)-deficient sinonasal carcinoma is a rare, poorly differentiated carcinoma defined by complete loss of tumor suppressor gene SMARCB1 (INI-1) within the neoplastic cell nuclei demonstrated by the immunohistochemical stain. SMARCB1 (INI-1) gene inactivation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a diverse group of malignant neoplasms that tend to share “rhabdoid” morphology. SMARCB1 (INI-1)-deficient sinonasal carcinoma was first reported by Agaimy et al. in 2014. These tumors are often basaloid with focal rhabdoid differentiation, prominent necrosis, increased mitotic activity, and aggressive behavior. Other than being INI-1 and NUT negative, they are positive for pancytokeratin and express variable immunoreactivity for squamous markers like p63 and neuroendocrine markers like synaptophysin. Most patients present with locally advanced disease and hence a combination of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery is usually recommended.

Modified FOLFIRINOX compared to Gemcitabine & nab-Paclitaxel in advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma - results of a match-pair analysis

Background & objectives: FOLFIRINOX and gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel (GN) are the most commonly used regimens in advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs). As there is limited data on comparison of these two regimens, the present study was aimed to compare survivals and tolerance for both regimens through a match-pair analysis. Methods: The data of 350 patients with metastatic and locally advanced PDAC, treated between January 2013 and December 2019, were retrieved. A 1:1 matching, using age and performance status, without replacement was performed by using nearest neighbour matching method. Results: A total of 260 patients (130 modified FOLFIRINOX and 130 GN) were matched. The median overall survival (OS) was 12.98 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 7.257-8.776 months] in modifications of FOLFIRINOX (mFOLFIRINOX) cohort and 12.06 months (95% CI 6.690-8.88 months) in GN group (P=0.080). The incidence of grade 3 and 4 infections, diarrhoea, oral mucositis, and fatigue was higher with mFOLFIRINOX. Patients who received second line therapy had improved OS as compared to those who did not (14.06 vs. 9.07 months, P<0.001). Interpretation & conclusions: GN and mFOLFIRINOX appear to have similar survival outcomes in an unselected match paired patient population with advanced PDAC. A markedly increased incidence of non-myelosuppressive grade 3 and grade 4 side-effects and lack of survival improvements suggest a need for nuanced use of the mFOLFIRINOX regimen. Administration of second-line chemotherapy improves OS in patients with advanced PDAC.

Community-Based Approach to Combat Micronutrient Deficiencies Among Irular Tribal Women: An Education Intervention

Tribal women may suffer from poor nutritional health, lack of awareness of micronutrients, reduced dietary diversity, underutilization of micronutrient supplements and locally available food resources, poor hygiene, and sanitation. This study aims to examine the impact of educational intervention on the micronutrient status of the tribal women (n = 714, 15–60 years) in 15 hamlets of Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu, by census sampling method. Self-structured pretested questionnaires, participatory learning methods, and focus group discussions were adopted to record the background information (anthropometry, clinical signs of micronutrient deficiency, hemoglobin, and dietary assessments). Even though there was no increase in body mass index (BMI), there was a significant change in age, income, and BMI with hemoglobin levels. Impact analysis showed significant behavior change in the utilization of locally available micronutrient?rich foods, improved access to supplements, and dietary diversity. Sustained attempts to educate tribal women proved to be effective in attaining their nutritional security and in the families.

Cortical Reorganization Following Psychoeducational Counselling and Residual Inhibition Therapy (RIT) in Individuals with Tinnitus

Abstract Introduction Psychoeducational counselling and residual inhibition therapy (RIT) are traditional approaches used in many clinics to manage tinnitus. However, neurophysiological studies to evaluate posttreatment perceptual and functional cortical changes in humans are scarce. Objectives The present study aims to explore whether cortical auditory-evoked potentials (CAEPs; N1 and P3) reflect the effect of modified RIT and psychoeducational counselling, and whether there is a correlation between the behavioral and electrophysiological measures. Methods Ten participants with continuous and bothersome tinnitus underwent a session of psychoeducational counselling and modified RIT. Perceptual measures and CAEPs were recorded pre- and posttreatment. Further, the posttreatment measures were compared with age and gender-matched historical control groups. Results Subjectively, 80% of the participants reported a reduction in the loudness of their tinnitus. Objectively, there wasasignificant reductioninthe posttreatment amplitude of N1 and P3, with no alterations in latency. There was no correlation between the perceived difference in tinnitus loudness and the difference in P3 amplitude (at Pz). Conclusion The perceptual and functional (as evidenced by sensory, N1, and cognitive, P3 reduction) changes after a single session of RIT and psychoeducational counselling are suggestive of plastic changes at the cortical level. The current study serves as preliminary evidence that event-related potentials (ERPs) can be used to quantify the physiological changes that occur after the intervention for tinnitus.

Progress and future challenges in gene vectors, gene therapy systems and gene expressions

Genetic engineering has made sizeable contributions to technical innovation, agriculture, and the development of pharmaceuticals. Various approaches were evolved to control the genetic cloth of cells using both viral and nonviral vector architectures. Gene therapy aims to reverse pathological traits with the aid of the use of viral and nonviral gene shipping mechanisms. Gene transfer motors have made massive strides in becoming more environmentally pleasant, much less risky, and nonimmunogenic, as well as making an allowance for lengthy-time period transgene expression. One of the most tough components of correctly enforcing gene healing treatments in the clinical putting is adjusting gene expression extremely tightly and constantly as and while it's required. This research work will cognizance on using viral vectors for gene concentrated on biological applications with various gene expressions. Due to improvements in viral vector engineering and superior gene regulatory systems to permit and adjust tightly therapeutic gene expression, the technology for using genes to offer a preferred treatment has confirmed to be an effective approach

Synthesis, spectral characterization, anti-bacterial, cytotoxic evaluation and docking studies of new urea and thiourea derivatives

Isoniazid is one of the main API’s used in the combination treatment of tuberculosis recommended by the WHO. Urea and its derivatives are an important class of heterocyclic compounds that possess a wide range of therapeutic and pharmacological properties, while thiourea is an organosulphur compound in that it resembles urea except that the atom oxygen has been replaced by a Sulphur atom, but the properties of urea and thiourea are significantly different. The current work concerns the synthesis of a new class of urea and thiourea derivatives of isoniazid with various isocyanates and isothiocyanates in the presence of trimethylamine. The IR and NMR spectral data were performed for the urea and thiourea derivatives of the compounds [(3c & 3f) & (3d & 3e)], respectively. Molecular docking studies of the compounds (3a-h) revealed the binding mode involved in the active site of DNA gyrase. The synthesized urea and thiourea derivatives of isoniazid with various isocyanates and isothiocyanates were tested for their antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria using the “disc diffusion method”. Of all compounds tested, the urea derivatives (3a &3d), the thiourea derivatives (3e & 3g) showed more potent activity than the other compounds. The MTT assay revealed concentration dependent cytotoxic effects over a concentration range 25-200 µg/mL.

Systematic review on nine hallmarks of neurodegenerative disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the primary diseases in neurodegenerative diseases. Nowadays, AD is common in one of the ten individuals whose age is more than 65, and its prevalence is kept on increasing with aging. Very few treatments and no effective treatments are available for curing neurodegenerative diseases. Pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and their association with the nine hallmarks of aging were clearly described in this review. Instability in genomic, attrition in telomere, alterations in epigenetics, proteostasis loss, dysfunction in mitochondria, senescence in cells, sensing of deregulated nutrition, exhaustion of stem cells, and alterations in intercellular communication are the nine biological hallmarks of Aging. Improving the medical facilities for neurodegenerative diseases is very much essential. Doctors and researchers are doing surplus research to overcome the unavailability of proper treatments for such neurodegenerative diseases. Reason and the causes behind the diseases and their effects are explained in this review to enhance the further research to help the society.

Biodecolorization of azo dye mixture (Remazol Brilliant Violet 5R and Reactive Red 120) by indigenous bacterial consortium isolated from dye contaminated soil

Aims@#The present study investigated the biodegradation and removal of dye mixture (Remazol Brilliant Violet 5R and Reactive Red 120) using a new bacterial consortium isolated from dye-contaminated soil.@*Methodology and results@#Among the total 15 isolates screened, the two most efficient bacterial species (SS07 and SS09) were selected and identified as Enterobacter cloacae (MT573884) and Achromobacter pulmonis (MT573885). The removal efficiency of dye mixture by E. cloacae and A. pulmonis at an initial concentration of 100 mg/L was 82.78 and 84.96%, discretely. The bacterial consortium was developed using selected isolates and the optimum conditions for removing dyes were investigated. The maximum decolorization efficiency was achieved at pH 7; 35 °C; dye concentration, 100 mg/L; and initial inoculum concentration, 0.5 mL with mannitol and ammonium sulfate as carbon and nitrogen sources. The maximum removal efficiency of 91.3 ± 3.35% was achieved at the optimal conditions after 72 h of incubation.@*Conclusion, significance and impact of study@#Decolorization of azo dyestuff by the developed microbial consortia conforms to the zero-order reaction kinetics model. Consortia of E. cloacae and A. pulmonis was established as an effective decolorizer for the Remazol Brilliant violet 5R and Reactive Red 120 dye mixture with >90% color removal.

An Update on the Laboratory Diagnosis of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system that is specifically associated with demyelination of spinal cord and optic nerves. The discovery of specific autoantibody markers such as aquaporin-4 IgG and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein IgG has led to several methodologies being developed and validated. There have been numerous investigations of the clinical and radiological presentations used in the clinical diagnosis of NMOSD. However, although various laboratory diagnostic techniques have been standardized and validated, a gold-standard test has yet to be finalized due to uncertain sensitivities and specificities of the methodologies. For this review, the literature was surveyed to compile the standardized laboratory techniques utilized for the differential diagnosis of NMOSD. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays enable screening of NMOSD, but they are considered less sensitive than cell-based assays (CBAs), which were found to be highly sensitive and specific. However, CBAs are laborious and prone to batch variations in their results, since the expression levels of protein need to be maintained and monitored meticulously.Standardizing point-of-care devices and peptide-based assays would make it possible to improve the turnaround time and accessibility of the test, especially in resource-poor settings.

Aceclofenac-Induced Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms Syndrome

Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a rare but severe and potentially life-threatening systemic clinical condition. We report a case of a 44-year-old female, who developed DRESS syndrome after taking two doses of aceclofenac, paracetamol, and thiocolchicoside fixed-dose combination. The patient presented with maculopapular rashes, itching, fever, pedal edema, swelling of the face and lips, difficulty in swallowing, loose stools, and vomiting for 4 days following drug intake. Laboratory and histopathological investigations supported the diagnosis following RegiSCAR criteria. The DRESS syndrome in this patient was definite as per Naranjo’s adverse drug reaction probability scale. The patient was adequately managed using systemic corticosteroids, antibiotics, and intravenous fluids. Aceclofenac is the most likely causative agent of DRESS syndrome in this patient. Early detection and withdrawal of the suspected drug along with adequate supportive treatment are the mainstay of management.

Antiviral activity of ethanolic extract of Nilavembu Kudineer against dengue and chikungunya virus through in vitro evaluation

BackgroundCurrently, no vaccines or modern drugs are available for dengue and chikungunya and only symptomatic relief is provided to the patients. Siddha medicine, a traditional form of indigenous medical system uses specific polyherbal formulations for the treatment of such infections with considerable success. One such polyherbal formulation for the treatment of chikungunya and dengue is Nilavembu kudineer (NVK). The mechanistic details of this drug as an antiviral for chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) is poorly understood.ObjectivesThe current study was undertaken to study the efficacy of NVK as an antiviral formulation against CHIKV and DENV.Materials and methodsCytotoxicity assays (MTT) were performed to determine the role of NVK as an antiviral during chikungunya and dengue infections in the following conditions-i). post infection, ii). during active infections and iii) protective, not allowing virus infection.ResultsIt was observed that NVK provides protection against CHIKV and DENV-2 during active infection as well can help to prevent virus infection in the cells and it mainly depends on the cellular availability of drugs for maximum protection against both the infections.ConclusionOur study establishes that extraction protocols are important to ensure maximum efficacy of NVK along with the time of addition of the drug during CHIKV and DENV infections in the cells. This study provides insights to the possible mode of action of NVK in in vitro condition during CHIKV and DENV infection.

Tumor budding in invasive breast cancer - An indispensable budding touchstone

Background: Tumor budding denotes a phenomenon in which the tumor cells, singly or in small aggregates, become detached from the neoplastic glands at the invasive front of adenocarcinoma. Tumors with budding cells have a significantly more aggressive clinical course. Significance of tumor budding has mainly been examined in the field of colorectal cancer. Aims: To document the number tumor buds at the invasive front of invasive breast cancer. To correlate the number of tumor buds with other histopathological parameters, and available clinical details. Setting and Study Design: Analytical study at a rural tertiary care referral institute. Materials and Methods: It was a retrospective study of invasive breast cancer cases from January 2012 to April 2015. Tumor buds were counted in H and E stained sections in 10 High Power Fields (HPFs). Association of tumor budding with histological parameters and available clinical details were analyzed statistically. Statistical Analysis Used: Frequencies, Chi-Square Test and Crosstabs were used for calculation. Results: 50 cases of invasive breast carcinoma were analyzed. Invasive ductal carcinoma constituted predominant histological type (92%). Low tumor budding (tumor buds ?20/10HPFs) constituted 20 cases. High tumor budding (tumor buds >20/10HPFs) constituted 30 cases. Association of high tumor budding with lympho-vascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, primary tumor staging, regional lymph node staging, necrosis and Monckeberg medial sclerosis was statistically significant. Conclusion: Tumor budding may be incorporated as a new parameter in reporting protocols. Tumor budding serves as an indispensable touchstone in evaluating cases of invasive breast cancer.

Role of naturopathy and yoga therapy on subjective well-being and prevention of non-communicable diseases

Background: National Health Policy 2017 recognizes the need to nurture Ayurveda, Yoga, Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy (AYUSH) system of medicine through the development of infrastructural facilities of teaching institutions, improving quality control of drugs, capacity building of institutions and professionals. It also recognizes the need for building research and public health skills for preventive and promotive health care. Linking AYUSH systems with Accredited Social Health Activists and Village Health Sanitation and Nutrition Committee would be an important plank of this policy. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to determine patients’ subjective feeling of well-being and outcomes after naturopathy treatment. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted among inpatients (IP) of a naturopathy center in the field practice area of an Rural Health Training Centre attached to the Department of Community Medicine in a Medical College, Navi Mumbai. Questionnaires were distributed for 3 months to all the IP who were willing to participate and give their feedback at discharge. A total of 64 subjects responded. They were personally interviewed, their history and presenting complaints were listed, clinical examination was done, positive findings were noted, details of treatment and advice given were enumerated. Obtained data were tabulated in MS Excel and analyzed using SPSS software. Patients received normal care from the respective therapists and no intervention was done from our side. Permission from the Institutional Review Board for conducting the study was taken. Results: Systolic blood pressure before and after therapy was compared, there was a difference of mean reduction in 4 mmHg with P = 0.00. Significant reduction in weight was noticed among overweight and obese people taking the therapy. A strong positive correlation was seen when quantity of weight reduction was correlated with initial Body Mass Index (BMI). The correlation constant was 0.811 with a significance level of 0.00. Conclusion: Naturopathy therapy as well as yoga practice results in a broad range of outcomes from physical and emotional change through to wider benefits involving the patients’ lifestyle, outlook, and attitude toward their health.

Management of colon cancer at a tertiary referral center in India - Patterns of presentation, treatment, and survival outcomes

AIM: To define the patterns of disease presentation, treatment strategies, and outcomes for patients with colon cancer at a tertiary referral center in India over 1 year period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database. All consecutive patients with proven or suspected colonic adenocarcinoma between July 2013 and July 2014 were evaluated in a dedicated analysed multidisciplinary clinic at the Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai. The demography, treatment plan, pathology, stage, and survival data were examined. RESULTS: The median age of presentation was 49 years with 60.1% male patients. In total, 151 cases (57.4%) underwent treatment with curative intent consisting of surgery with adjuvant chemotherapy as indicated. The rest were offered either palliative chemotherapy (36.9%) or best supportive care (5.7%). Approximately, 70% patients had advanced stage disease (Stage III/IV) at presentation and 41.8% presented with metastatic disease with the liver being the most common site of disease dissemination. With a median follow-up of 29 months, the estimated 3-year disease free survival for patients treated with curative intent was 67.1%. The median progression free survival was 12.3 months for patients treated with palliative intent. The estimated 3-year overall survival was 89.7%, 65.5%, and 22.8% for Stage I/II, Stage III, and Stage IV, respectively. CONCLUSION: Indian patients with colon cancer, at a tertiary referral center, tend to present at more advanced stages of the disease as compared to the West. However, curative treatment with surgery and chemotherapy offers similar survival outcomes when compared stage for stage

Clustering of cardiovascular disease risk factors – Syndemic approach: Is sit a time to shift toward integrated noncommunicable disease clinic?

Background: The concurrent occurrence of many noncommunicable disease (NCD) risk factors is common, and it can play a synergistic role in occurrence of NCDs. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the magnitude of clustering of NCD risk factors, patterns of risk factors emerged in clustering, and variations in clustering of risk factors based on socioeconomic factors. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was undertaken in an urban area of Puducherry among 2399 adults during 2014–2015. Sociodemographic and behavioral risk factors were assessed through a validated STEPS survey tool. Individuals with three or more risk factors were classified to have clustering of NCD risk factors. Socioeconomic positions in relation to clustering were identified through Chi-square analysis followed by multiple logistic regression where clustering at family and area was adjusted through multilevel modeling techniques. Results: Of the 2399 adults, 1741 (73%) had clustering of NCD risk factors. Inadequate consumption of fruits and vegetables, high salt intake, and high waist circumference are the three predominant risk factors across all subgroups. Adults belonging to Christian religion (adjusted odds ratio [adjOR]: 2.8, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5–5.2), aged 35 years and over (adjOR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.4–6.0), and illiterates (adjOR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.1–5.5) are more likely to have clustered NCD risk factors compared to others. Conclusions: Clustering of NCD risk factors is highly prevalent in this region and mainly driven by dietary practices and obesity measures. There is an urgent need to reorient the health system toward integrated approach with mandated inclusion of nutritionist in NCD health service delivery.

Treatment of acute avulsion of posterior cruciate ligament of left knee with bony fragment by Siddha Varmam therapy and traditional bone setting method

A 42-year-old man with the complaints of left knee swelling, severe pain, difficult to stand was reportedto Siddha Varmam division after a road accident. He was diagnosed as acute avulsion of Posterior cruciateligament (PCL). It was diagnosed based on the history of trauma, knee pain and swelling after trauma,positive posterior drawer test and avulsion fracture shown by radiograph. He was treated with SiddhaVarmam therapy and traditional bone setting. After a month of treatment, the PCL avulsion fracture gothealed without any surgical interventions and patient able to walk normally. This case report summarises the novel Siddha Varmam therapy and traditional bone setting treatments for acute avulsion of PCLwith bony fragment.© 2018 Transdisciplinary University, Bangalore and World Ayurveda Foundation. Publishing Services byElsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Diagnostic accuracy of the risk of malignancy index 1 compared to the more recent IOTA ADNEX model in discriminating benign from malignant adnexal masses: a multi-centric study

Background: Identification of the nature of an adnexal mass can ensure optimum management. Single parameters as well as diagnostic models using a combination of several parameters are in use. The International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) consortium has developed and published the Assessment of Different NEoplasias in the adneXa (ADNEX) model, which differentiates between benign and malignant masses. Authors conducted this study with the aim of finding a cut off value for this model in the study population and comparing the diagnostic accuracy of this model to that of the risk of malignancy (RMI).Methods: Women with adnexal masses admitted to the 3 medical college affiliated hospitals for surgical management were included in this study. Appropriate investigations were done to calculate the RMI-I and ADNEX score for each participant. A cut off score for the ADNEX model was determined and diagnostic accuracy tests were done for comparison.Results: At a cut-off of 29 for the ADNEX model and 200 for RMI model the sensitivity was 75% and 77.8, specificity 100% and 80.6%; Positive Predictive Value (PPV) 100%and 60%; Negative Predictive Value (NPV) 91% and 90.6%; Positive Likelihood ratio of infinity and 4 and a negative Likelihood Ratio of 2.8 and 2.5 respectively.Conclusions: The ADNEX model rates higher than the RMI in almost all tests of diagnostic accuracy and can be used for triaging, framing a referral policy and prioritizing surgery.

Role of non-lipid risk factors like hs-CRP, uric acid and thyroid stimulating hormone in metabolic syndrome

Background: Metabolic syndrome is the cluster of diseases which arises due to excess of plasma glucose, cholesterol, fatty acids, blood pressure and obesity. The role of lipids in the development of MetS had been extensively studied. Though some non-lipid factors like hsCRP, uric acid and TSH level also remain elevated in the serum of the MetS patients, the role of these non-lipid risk factors remain incompletely understood. The objective of this study was to investigate which of these factors better predicts Mets, in order to help prevention and early detection of MetS and its associated type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Aim and objectives was to study the significance of serum highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), serum uric acid (SUA) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in metabolic syndrome.Methods: A total of four hundred and fifty subjects (211 men and 239 women) aged ≥35 years attending the hospital were divided into three groups based on the components level of MetS as control (CS), normal (MS) and severe (SMS) MetS groups. Their fasting blood sample were taken and analyzed for the serum hs-CRP, uric acid and TSH levels. The result showed that the mean hs-CRP and uric acid levels were significantly higher in Metabolic Syndrome group (MS) and in Severe Metabolic Syndrome group (SMS) when compared to control group. But the mean TSH levels were more in MS group and in SMS group than the control which was statistically not significant. The analysis of relative significance of these risk factors showed that serum hs-CRP level had a positive linear correlation with the severity of MetS whereas, the TSH level was significantly high only in SMS and the uric acid level was not correlated with the MetS.Results: Our study revealed that type II (absence of sutural bones) was commoner than type I (presence of type I) asterion. The asterion was 4.82±0.58 cm from tip of the mastoid process on the right side and 4.70±0.70 cm on the left. It was greater in males than in females, p value being statistically significant (P = 0.00 and P = 0.02 for right and left sides respectively). The distance of asterion from supramastoid crest was 4.22±0.73 cm on the right and 4.23±0.58 cm on the left. The distance in males was more than in females. The P value 0.00 was statistically significant on the right side. Regarding the position of the asterion in relation to transverse sinus, it was on the transverse sinus in 62% cases, below it in 32% and above in 6%.Conclusions: In the present study, there was higher mean serum hs-CRP level in patients with metabolic syndrome which showed a linear increase with increasing number of components of the metabolic syndrome. Though available literature indicated that hyperuricemia adult subjects tend to develop MetS more frequently our findings showed this increase was not dependent on the severity of MetS. Also, significantly high TSH levels were found only in severe MetS suggest that as per this study the serum hs-CRP values may be consider as the diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome and helps to improve future prediction of development of type 2 DM and cardiovascular diseases.

Urinary tract infection in elderly: clinical profile and outcome study done at Kempegowda Institute of Medical Science and Hospital, Bengaluru, India

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) being the most common bacterial infection with considerable morbidity and mortality. In hospitalized geriatric patients, the risk is more attributable to differing characteristics such as anatomical and hormonal changes, presence of comorbidities such as neurological and urological abnormalities, diabetes mellitus and prolonged indwelling catheter use in hospitals and long-term care facilities.Methods: A retrospective study of patients admitted to medicine wards of age above 60 years with symptoms of urinary tract infection and positive urine culture spanning over a year were included. Demographic profile, clinical features, predisposing factors, laboratory features, urine culture reports, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and outcome were noted and analysed.Results: Of the 120 patients included in our study, 58.2% were males and 41.8% were females. Dysuria was the most common major symptom (77.5%). Diabetes mellitus was the most common Predisposing factor observed in (63.3%) of the patients. Gram negative organism were responsible for (68.27%) of the uropathogen profile; Escherichia coli was the commonest isolate (31.66%) seen. Mortality rate was 29.16%. Significantly higher mortality was seen in patients with diabetes mellitus (p<0.001), complicated UTI (p<0.001), serum creatinine >1.4mg/dl (p<0.001) and increasing number of predisposing factors. Mortality was also associated with higher leucocyte count in the study population.Conclusions: Urinary tract infection in elderly increases the population mortality and morbidity; and the co morbid factors associated play a key role in the severity of the infection. Early management and appropriate antibiotic therapy will help in preventing antibiotic resistance and also in decreasing the overall geriatric population fatality.